Vim muaj kev kub ntxhov thoob ntiaj teb thiab huab cua tsis zoo, lub xeev tau txhawb nqa kev tsim kho kev lag luam tsim hluav taws xob hnub ci ntawm lub ru tsev. Ntau lub tuam txhab, cov tsev kawm ntawv thiab cov tib neeg tau pib teeb tsa cov khoom siv tsim hluav taws xob hnub ci rau ntawm lub ru tsev.
Tsis muaj kev txwv thaj chaw rau cov peev txheej zog hnub ci, uas tau faib dav thiab tsis muaj qhov kawg. Yog li ntawd, piv nrog lwm cov thev naus laus zis tshiab tsim hluav taws xob (cua zog tsim hluav taws xob thiab biomass tsim hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam), lub hnub ci photovoltaic tsim hluav taws xob yog lub thev naus laus zis tsim hluav taws xob rov ua dua tshiab nrog cov yam ntxwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev txhim kho ruaj khov. Nws feem ntau muaj cov txiaj ntsig hauv qab no:
1. Cov peev txheej ntawm lub zog hnub ci tsis muaj qhov kawg thiab tsis muaj qhov kawg. Lub zog hnub ci ci ntsa iab rau hauv ntiaj teb yog 6,000 npaug ntau dua li lub zog uas tib neeg siv tam sim no. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub zog hnub ci tau faib dav dav rau hauv ntiaj teb, thiab cov tshuab hluav taws xob photovoltaic tsuas yog siv tau rau hauv qhov chaw uas muaj lub teeb, thiab tsis txwv los ntawm cov yam xws li thaj chaw thiab qhov siab.
2. Cov peev txheej fais fab hnub ci muaj nyob txhua qhov chaw thiab tuaj yeem muab hluav taws xob nyob ze. Tsis tas yuav thauj mus deb, uas tiv thaiv kev poob hluav taws xob los ntawm cov kab xa hluav taws xob ntev, thiab tseem txuag cov nqi xa hluav taws xob. Qhov no kuj muab qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau kev npaj loj thiab kev siv cov tshuab hluav taws xob hnub ci hauv tsev neeg hauv thaj chaw sab hnub poob uas kev xa hluav taws xob tsis yooj yim.
3. Cov txheej txheem hloov pauv zog ntawm lub hnub ci fais fab ntawm lub ru tsev yog yooj yim. Nws yog kev hloov pauv ncaj qha los ntawm photons mus rau electrons. Tsis muaj cov txheej txheem hauv nruab nrab (xws li kev hloov pauv zog thermal mus rau lub zog tshuab, kev hloov pauv zog tshuab mus rau lub zog electromagnetic, thiab lwm yam) thiab kev ua haujlwm tshuab, thiab tsis muaj kev hnav tshuab. Raws li kev tshuaj xyuas thermodynamic, photovoltaic Fais fab tsim muaj kev ua haujlwm siab theoretical fais fab tsim, txog li ntau dua 80%, thiab muaj peev xwm zoo rau kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis.
4. Lub zog fais fab hnub ci saum ru tsev nws tus kheej tsis siv roj, tsis tso tawm cov tshuaj xws li cov pa roj av thiab lwm yam pa phem, tsis ua rau huab cua qias neeg, tsis tsim suab nrov, zoo rau ib puag ncig, thiab yuav tsis raug kev kub ntxhov ntawm lub zog lossis kev ua lag luam roj tas li. Shock yog ib hom zog tshiab uas rov ua dua tshiab tau uas yog ntsuab tiag tiag thiab zoo rau ib puag ncig.
5. Tsis tas yuav siv dej txias thaum lub sijhawm tsim hluav taws xob los ntawm lub ru tsev, thiab nws tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau hauv cov suab puam uas tsis muaj dej. Kev tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic kuj tseem tuaj yeem txuas nrog cov tsev kom yooj yim los tsim ib lub tshuab tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic, uas tsis tas yuav siv av tshwj xeeb thiab tuaj yeem txuag cov peev txheej muaj nqis ntawm qhov chaw.
6. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob hnub ci uas tsim los ntawm lub ru tsev tsis muaj cov khoom siv sib kis, kev ua haujlwm thiab kev saib xyuas yooj yim, thiab kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob photovoltaic tsuas yog tsim tau hluav taws xob nrog cov khoom siv ntawm lub hnub ci xwb, thiab nrog kev siv cov thev naus laus zis tswj hwm dav dav, nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm yam tsis muaj neeg saib xyuas thiab tus nqi saib xyuas qis.
7. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hnub ci fais fab ntawm lub ru tsev ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha, thiab lub neej ua haujlwm ntau dua 30 xyoo. Lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm cov roj teeb crystalline silicon hnub ci tuaj yeem ncav cuag 20 txog 35 xyoo. Hauv lub zog tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic, tsuav yog tus qauv tsim tsim nyog thiab cov duab tsim nyog, lub neej ntawm lub roj teeb kuj tuaj yeem ntev. Txog li 10 txog 15 xyoo.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Plaub Hlis-01-2023
